The recent People Against Corruption movement started by Anna Hazare has managed to gain mass support especially from the middle class. The movement brought ‘civil society’, the middle class in particular, to protest on the streets. They have never done so earlier. Then Baba Ramdev stole the show from Anna Hazare with his drama at the Ram Lila grounds. Fasting unto death has in today’s world become a fashion statement that attracts everyone. We need to look deeper as to what it means to use this tool as a political weapon.
Though it may be justified that it is the Gandhian way of dealing with issues, the context in which a fast is held should be examined. Gandhi protested against the British when we did not have a constitution of our own. Fasting in protest seemed to be best way to grab the attention of the British Government and to force them to meet our demands immediately. Taking this as a model to apply in independent India is not appropriate because our constitution guarantees us rights as citizens of this country and we are entitled to claim them whenever they are denied by anybody.
Saying that everyone gets his or her rights ensured in independent India does not necessarily paint a rosy picture of India . We have to admit that there are serious issues of concern such as corruption and terrorism. However, fasting cannot be the tool used to challenge these issues. If, fasting is the only powerful weapon to get things done, then Anna Hazare can solve many of the serious problems in India including the Kashmir issue. Fasting whether ignored or paid attention to does not offer solutions. If a person manages to gain some popularity, the opponent does not have a choice but to succumb to the demands because the very life of the person is at stake. Instead of putting an end to the problem , only temporary remedies are given, in fear of having to bear the blame of killing a person by not listening to him. On the other hand, if your plea is not heard or if it is ignored completely, you eventually lose your life and go unnoticed. Another danger is that anybody who can attract media attention can go on fasting. This is precarious especially in a heterogeneous country like ours where we have varied interests among the people. Therefore, this weapon can be misused by anybody for self-centered needs.
Fasting unto death is at best a heroic adventure. Depending on the popularity and influence of the person, the government decides whether to ignore the fast or not. Therefore, it all boils down to one man who seems to have the power to change the rules of the game. The above argument does not imply that pressure in any form should not be exerted on the government. What we need are mass protests, where people become the heroes. The cause becomes more important when the masses are involved and such protests can promise long-term or permanent solutions.